History of slavery Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

History of thrall - Research Paper ExampleOne cannot ignore the feature that if the sulphur did not declare succession, Lincoln would have not declared struggle in the south. crowd together McPherson, an expert in this subject, and the author of The Battle Cry of Freedom The Civil War Era insists, In July 1861, the U.S. House of Representatives passed a resolution, by a nearly unanimous vote, that affirmed that the North was not waging the war to overthrow slavery but to preserve the Union. (McPherson 66). Clearly, the focal point of the war was to keep the unity of state for the sake of peace and security. The events that lead to civil war was the Mexican war, the dependence of the North on the southwest, the slavery issue, and the Dred Scott decision.Post Mexican War, America was segmented into many territories. This posed a problem as two the North and the South had to manage the issue of slavery. A Band-Aid issue was delivers as Congress passed the Compromise of 1850 whi ch calcium became a free state. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 also did facilitate the cause as the South despised this form their Northern Counterparts (Jordan 36).From the Souths perspective, it is clear that that nation was interested in its let political and scotch pursuits. Clearly, the soldiers understood that the North had little or no interest in Souths domestic affairs. Slavery was vital towards the success of Souths economy. The failure for the North to live the idea motivated the Southern soldiers to pursue their own version of the American Dream. The study political and economic interests between North and South continued to reflect the justification for separation for the Southern soldiers. In thick of this chaos, states such as South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas had already declared to be seceded soon after during 1855 (Stanchak 26).After this, the major cause that triggered civil war according to historians was also becaus e of Dred Scott

English Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

English split - Essay ExampleNevertheless, my visit to the museum was an enriching experience which had me asking for more. The museum leaves no stones unturned to make you feel that you were thither when it all happened. With the help of personal audio equipment, there is a touch of reality to the whole experience. thither is a lot more to see at the museum. There are various events, programs, tours, lectures, films that talk nigh the stories of many Holocaust survivors. The exhibition is a single true story, the story of Jay Ipson and his family and how they survived the Kovno Ghetto in Lithuania and settled in capital of Virginia after military man War II . The museum was built with children in mind, says Ipson. They can consort so much better to the single story.six million is just incomprehensible to them. The outside of the create has an intimidating appearance with brown brick with bright green boarded up windows. All in all, the visit to this museum is a very moving educ ational experience The museum puts in a lot of effort to educate the slew and promote tolerance towards each and everyone, irrespective of their nationality, religion, race, sex or creed. We cannot turn a blind nerve to the humble motive behind the origination of this museum. Therefore, there is a need to preserve this museum for the values it stands for. ceremonious in 1997, Virginia holocaust museum is situated on 2000 East Cary Street, Richmond, Virginia and it is founded by Mark Fetter, Al Rosenbaum, and one of Richmonds youngest Holocaust survivors, Jay Ipson. In an effort to preserve and educate the people on the atrocities of the Holocaust of World War II, the museum strives on a two-fold mission to educate young people about the Holocaust and at the same time combat intolerance and anti-Semitism. Keeping this mission in mind, Teaching Tolerance by Education was initiated. Initially, the museum occupied the unused rooms of the Temple Beth El in Richmond, Virginia. The mus eum, then quickly flourished and by 2000, it had its own space. An old tobacco warehouse in historic Shockoe Bottom donated by the Virginia State legislative body became the new house of the Virginia Holocaust Museum. The dedication of this new site was done during Yom HaShoah vHaGvruah in April, 2003, the day which is cognise as the Day of Remembrance and Heroism. During the pre-war Kovno, there were about 40,000 Jews, out of which only 3,000 survived. Thousands of children lost their lives in the Kovno Ghetto. transportation and malnutrition contributed to the deaths of so many lives. Ipsons sister was one of the children to face death during the war. In 1943, Ipsons family managed to pull out from their ghetto with the help of a local farmer. The poor Catholic Polish farmer had nothing to gain from them nor they had anything to say to him, nevertheless, he helped them because he knew what the Germans were doing was wrong. This is a perfect example of expression of humanity, regardless of race, religion, caste or creed. mavin of the enkindle exhibitions at the museum is the recreation of the chapter of their lives wherein they escape through the barbed wire of their ghetto. The museum, today boasts of 28 exhibits. The Ipson Saga, is an interesting tale of the Museum Director and founder, Jay M Ipson, which documents his and his familys story from pre-war Lithuania, their escape and eventually their liberation. Right in trend of the building sits a German cattle car

Improving UNBSJ services and facilities Statistics Project

Improving UNBSJ services and facilities - Statistics Project ExampleIn the third place is the University of Waterloo which is class-conscious the ninth among the other Canadian Universities. The University of New Brunswick is the last among the iv ranked position and the twenty twenty percent among the other universities. The Universities offer varied and wide range of courses. They have difference in population accord to the number of courses and expansion in different regions. The Universities with large populations have many constituent colleges and campuses with respect to the extravagantly number of courses (timeshighereducation.co.uk, 2012).The University of Toronto was founded in 1827 by the royal charter. The university is recognized as one of the universities that provide the strongest teaching and search faculties in North America. It ranks first in Canada while being sixteenth worldwide. The University has more than seventy kB student across three campuses St. Georg e, Mississauga and Scarborough. The University has existed for a long time and is among the few that have produced over four hundred and fifty million alumni all over the world (utoronto.ca, 2012). The university has a large number of transnational students as comp ared to the others. The University is committed to upholding recognition as an internationally significant research university with undergraduate, graduate and professional programs of sensitive quality. They are known for influential in activities such as the literary criticism, curricula and communication theory. The influential and conjointly recognized is the Toronto school. The University offers a wide range of courses from undergraduate, graduate to postdoctoral programs. Most of the programs are delivered at the St. George Campus. The programs offered in the university are grouped in eight different categories Computer science, Engineering, Humanities and Social Sciences, Kinesiology and personal Education, Life Sciences, Music, Physical and Mathematical Sciences and Rotman

Market Entry Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Market Entry Strategy - Essay ExampleFrom the Porters fiver forces, the study has identified that South Africas accounting patience is highly competitive and the bargaining powers of suppliers is meek and that of buyers is high. The market has high skilled experts in the industry, which is a critical factor attracting accounting and consulting firms in the market. From the digest done on the market, this study has recommended Rodl & Partner to invest in the market using licensing and has guaranteed that the market is a viable one for foreign investors who ar leading to expand their international market presence. However, it is recommended that the telephoner explores the market to ensure compliance with national and international standards for the company that will be chosen for licensing agreement. This will garter in ensuring that the companys reputation is maintained. Introduction Different market entry strategies can be used to enter a new market, these strategies inclu de mergers, acquisitions, joint ventures, exporting, Greenfield project, strategic alliances, franchising/licensing and whole subsidiary self-command (Janssen 2004, p. 556). Some of the factors that influence the choice of a market entry strategy include price localization, great deal barriers, competition, export subsidies and localized knowledge (Grunig & Morschett 2012, p. 151). Globalization and foreign direct investments have been vital in orbiculate expansion of companies (Hill 2005, p. 67). This study suggests licensing as a market entry strategy that could be adopted by Rodl & Partner in its entry to South Africa (Rodl & Partner, 2012). South Africa is one of the swell up known markets that have well developed accounting, auditing and consulting industry and this makes the selection a suitable one for Rodl & Partner. South Africa enjoys a stable and growth economy and this has been a key attraction for foreign investors. Rodl & Partner Ltd Background of the company Rodl & Partner is an international consulting and accounting firm with German origin. The company has established and built unique capabilities in the global consulting industry particularly in accounting, tax planning and attestation wait ons for companies across various continents. The company has virtually 3200 partners located in about 130 countries across globe. The company provides customers with distinctive and high quality service in the various categories of accounting services (Rodl & Partner, 2012). Rodl & Partner has its strengths in tax, assurance and specialist advice. Rodl & Partner will be entering South African accounting and consulting industry in July 2012 and this will require the company to be well prepared in expanding its business in this new market so as to be able to promote its brand awareness in the global market. PESTEL analysis Economic purlieu South Africa has risen from international isolation and frugal stagnation caused by apartheid era. The new phas e of economic reconstruction has received encouragement and acclaim internationally (Thompson 2001, p. 23). The country was rated 25th in terms of forward-looking industrial sectors in the world in 1990s and has since then marked increasing growth. Political and licit environment South Africa has had stability in its political and legal systems. Policies made by government are focused on strengthening economic power of the country and this makes

Writing a Search Warrant (CCJS assignment) Term Paper

Writing a Search Warrant (CCJS assignment) - Term Paper typesetters caseFollowing these investigations, and subsequent arrests, the campaign against drugs and substance abuse has been highly supported. Following the undertaken investigations, he has in like manner issued several(prenominal) look for warrants for individuals and premises believed to hub individuals engaging in narcotics business. Your affiant has contributed significantly to the improvement of the antinarcotics campaign, through numerous arrests and subsequent convictions of suspects. Your affiant possesses surmountable knowledge and has undergone extensive training in antinarcotics law enforcement from numerous antinarcotics agencies. Your affiant understands the operations involved in the narcotics business, and the divers(a) methods utilised by sinfuls involved in the business. He clearly knows that evidence regarding contacts and business transactions is ordinarily retained and held within residential premi ses by traders. Such evidence accommodates but is not bound to telephone contacts, invoices of purchase of different items utilised in undertaking the business, among others. Personal properties like mobile phones and laptops utilise in communication could also contain potential evidence regarding communications between trading partners. It is also common among the individuals to reside in rented premises, which make it difficult for criminals to be tracked by involved authorities. nigh narcotics criminals also register their personal properties under different names, including names of their children, spouses and close relatives and friends. Within the course of the experience 5 days, reliable information received by your affiant has revealed the presence of narcotics activities along Queensway Drive, suit number 3758. The clandestine informant has observed frequent suspicious activities involving movement of what are believed to be drug peddlers, in and let out of this prem ise. The CI who has provided this information remains one of the most reliable sources of information by the antinarcotics police department. everywhere the many years he/she has been providing such information, none of the information provided has ever failed to yield fruitful results. These include arrests, and subsequent convictions of many of the suspects investigated. Photographs of guess drug peddlers around the premises have been provided by the CI, and your affiant is in self-discipline of the same. A check on the individuals in the provided pictures has revealed some have been involved in various criminal offenses in different parts of the country. One of the individuals has been charged with being in possession of illegal drugs. harmonise to the existing drug regulations provided by the Drug Enforcement Administration, federal police departments have been empowered to undertake investigations of guess drug smugglers. This affidavit has been issued in line with the pro visions of drug laws within the United States federal laws on drugs1. In accordance to the requirement for further investigations to be undertaken, a search warrant has been issued for properties suspected to be involved in the illegal drug smuggling business. Attached to this affidavit are the search warrant and the document describing the premises under investigation and the suspected substances being searched in the premises (Departmentofjustice). shackle A The premises can be described as a residential apartment make Queensway Drive suit number 3758. The particular building has been described as an apartment five illustrious residential blocks. On the front side of the building, the walls have red bricks, while the backside the building has been varicolored jungle green. The building stands directly opposite another apartment block consisting of sky blue walls. The most prominent feature of the

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 12

Case field of force - Essay Exampleand Hasan, H., n.d.)At the out trim, the environment although polite and formal, breeds division between concern and employees. This is shown by the set up of physical structures, by not inviting employees to participate in managements plan, with a image that there is nothing more to learn from them.Result of this environment showed that while it was a good spirit of operational efficiency and control, there was no flexibility that resulted in loss of motivation and trust that light-emitting diode to unsatisfied performance in the long run.Because there is no chance of communication, even the best intentions could be clouded with suspicions as in what happened to John who failed to see the good intention of training and further development.If the antiauthoritarian leadership is adopted, as initiated by new manager, there is a fair chance that employees will be more motivated in the work performance, John will not quit as things are communicate d well, and system will lead to a collegial system whose basis is teamwork.Sundarasadula, D. and Hasan, H., Closed system and organizational theories, Chapter11.A unified open systems model for explaining organisational change Retrieved 15 2010 from http//epress.anu.edu.au/info_systems/mobile_devices/ch11s02.htmlThis case describes a situation of contemplate satisfaction and organizational commitment. Interestingly, it is related to career opportunities, work life policies and job characteristics as could be seen with the conundrum of Suzanne Chalmers.Money, benefits and stress on the job are out of the question since these are not the reasons for her resignation. But why would she quit, along with other IT professionals who quit to later joining start-up software firms that give lesser benefits?In my analysis, management failed to see that job satisfactions among professionals has something to do with upward mobility as they are seeking for higher status and

Business model for taskrabbit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business model for taskrabbit - Essay Examplede lawn mowers, carpet cleaners, baby sitters, nannies, window cleaners, and flock to help unpack, fetch groceries, and pick you from the airport among many others. TaskRabbit is a perfect example of an e-commerce traffic. Its function in the society, as insisted by its founder is to help save time for people, get errands done and create cut-rate labor (Leber, 2013).A business model refers to activities planned and designed by a business in order to maximize on their profits. It includes how the business functions and its components, the revenues and the expenses (Currie, 2004). An ecommerce business model allows business people to utilize the odd and special qualities of the web. Some of these special qualities include real time, time sharing, traffic and value flows, universal access, the travel of employ of the web and searching capabilities. These unique qualities are what drive many people to adopt the use of the internet and t he web in their business. Castellano, (2013) confirms that there are many different business models, and each business selects the one that best befits. The e-commerce business models are categorized into B2B, B2C or C2C. Each of these three business models has its have unique characteristics, and this is the reason why one model might work for one company and not for the other. For the TaskRabbit Company, it employs B2C model. B2C means that the business models here are customer oriented, and they deal with the customer either directly or indirectly. Their products and services are made having customer satisfaction in mind. B2B means that its a business and another business who are involved in the transactions. C2C simply means that its two customers who are the main(prenominal) agents in the transactions (Currie, 2004).The TaskRabbit Company, in the B2C business model operates as transaction and market provider level. This is because it handles and takes superintend of customer s online transactions by creating and helping fix people in job

The Difference Between Efficiency And Effectiveness Essay

The Difference Between capability And Effectiveness - Essay ExamplePerformance is usually a measure of whether a target has been reached or not. In the case of effectiveness, instruction execution is enhanced as it measures the degree to which an organization meets its target objectives, while strength measures that which are apply in the achievement of the objectives. In both instances, there is no measure of performance and hence none is more important in such a perspective. Performance is mainly attributed towards the go forth rather than the process used in realizing the results. In an instance in which minimal resources are used and no objective is met then the performance is reduced, and additionally, if the target is not met regardless of the effectiveness of the process, the performance is low. matchless aspect of significant importance in both instances is that organizations, managers can improve both simultaneously. Managers usually field towards attaining certain go als for profitability while at the same working on minimizing the associated resources such as date and costs. It is evident that a manager can improve both efficiency and effectiveness simultaneously. In the real business world, numerous ethical issues are experienced ranging from simple to complex issues. One of the greatest issues is that of everting of privacy, a contribution of technology and communication, which has become an integral part of organizations towards achieving their objectives. In order to understand an ethical issue, it is best to find out the moral obligation behind it.

Used Book Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

apply Book Business - Essay ExampleLocation Used prevail stores are best worthy to be located in high traffic region. A store in the vicinity of a university or college will have added advantage. Shopping malls and popular hangouts are also preferred location for apply book store. Proximity to new book store is also ideal.Manpower A good emergence of people should be involved in the production line to source, refer and negotiate the purchase of books from the initial possessor to the prospective buyer. Over the counter sales has to be assigned only to book lovers who have an outstrip attitude, business aptitude and are personable. Training employees at various level of operation will alter them to handle the store in the absence of the owner.Promotion It may be noted that use book buyer is usually not an in depth reader. Hence adequate marketing and promotional activities should be carried to bring in people to the store to browse through the used books.Design of the stor e The used book store should have a clear show window with the arrangement of books in alter style. Prospective buyers should be able to view the book and this is vital to attract passers by.Used book business can be started by selling the owners collection of books which forms the inventory on launch. The initial stocks can also include the books donated by relatives, friends and neighbors (How to Make It Big with a Used-Book Store). The short term bearing of the store should be service oriented rather than aim to make huge profits. This earns reputation and future(a) prospects for sale. The business should make sure to obtain positive feedbacks from customers and make courtesy communication to understand the flash of the customers (Weber & Weber 2005 p.57).The next step is to search for prospective book sellers from whom books can be purchased at a low cost. Low cost books can also be gathered from goodwill stores, garage sales, church service

Unnatural Causes Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unnatural Causes - Movie Review ExampleSocial sieve and racialism are not natural causes for sickness and thence the title of the dissipate unnatural causes.The film is alike(p) with other media that I harbour seen, read, and heard on the issues of health disparities and how it relates to ones cordial class in that people in the lower social class are prone to disempowerment. Their economic stipulation is low due to lack of the necessary resources and opportunities and hence they tend to get sick more practically and their life expectancy is low. The people in this class are subject to chronic stress and cannot stupefy rise to power to better medical care services. They tend to get sick more often and hence live shorter lives. Exposure to chronic stress of race in a lifetime often leads to obstetrical delivery of premature babies thus affecting health and life expectancy (California Newsreel, 2008). The film confirmed biases I had in regards to being poor rich, that wealth y people lead better, longer and healthy lives as compared to the poor (Haitkin, 2008).The brain that surfaced for me during the film that I would like to know more about is how the health status of the low social class can improve. With America having the highest gross national product in the world, how can the poor have access to medical care and training on health issues? The statement that best describes what I learnt from the film is that health inequalities are not natural. This is because, health disparities that are because of racial and class inequities arise from the decisions the society makes (California Newsreel, 2008). As a future nurse, I propose that the society or the government should try to ensure that everyone gains access to health care regardless of their wealth in order to live longer and healthier

Environmental effects of oil spills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Environmental effect of oil spills - Essay Exampleics (1997), an oil spill is oil, fired accidentally or intentionally, that floats on the surface of water bodies as a discrete mass and is carried by the wind, currents and tides. Oil spills can be partially controlled by chemical dispersion, combustion, mechanical containment and absorption. They have destructive effects on coastal ecosystems (par. 1). The ecological crisis brought about by oil spills displaces a global equilibrium pose based on the dwindling supply of marine resources. As an environmentally ethical dilemma, oil spills request to be closely evaluated and addressed to take drastic actions to restore balance and prevent further impose on _or_ oppress to the marine ecosystem.According to Oracle ThinkQuest, oil spills are actually classified into two groups accidental and from trading trading operations (n.d., par. 1). Accidental oil spills are generally caused by collusions, fires and explosions, hull failures, a nd groundings (ibid.). On the other hand, oil spills from operations occur when ships are carrying out routine operations at ports or oil terminals, but the absolute majority of such spills are small, with 93% of them producing a spillage of less than 7 tonnes (Oracle, n.d., par. 3). As indicated, two item activities are encompassed within the scope of oil spills from operations, to wit loading/discharging commonest cause of oil spillages (either during routine operations or resulting from accidents), with 3070 occurring between 1974-1999 and bunkering the least common operational oil loss with only 566 occurring between 1974-1999 (ibid.). whatever the causes are, the fact remains that the oil spilled in bodies of water pose dangers to marine life and to the environment. The International tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited (ITOPF) is a not-for-profit organization established on behalf of the worlds ship owners to promote an strong response to marine spills of oil, chemic als and other hazardous substances (ITOPF About, 2010, par.

The Great Wall China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The vast Wall chinaware - Research Paper ExampleIt is a truly captivating site. The Great Wall was never mean to stand as a testament of art or the grandeur of architecture, it served a far much simpler and practical purpose. Yet, all the same it is remarked as one of the greatest architectural feats of human history, like the pyramids at Giza and the city of Machu Pichu and remains so today. It is still worthy of further research and discussion. History there is a myth that has become truly intertwined with the legend of the Great Wall of China. The myth tells the story of the wall as one great single undertaking, spanning, decades, of continuous twist. However, this is, simply, not the case. The wall was built in different sections, in different locations, ultimately linked, throughout the years. (Chinese Heritage Quarterly 1) It is Qin Shih Huang, or the First Emperor, who is credited with conceiving of the root word to create a wall of immense length and strength that wou ld prevent the attack of the threatening Huns. However, many a(prenominal) scholars today acknowledge that there are portions of the wall that may date back to smaller social system efforts that predates the rule of Qin Shih Huang. All the same the greatest portions were inspired by his function to protect China from outsiders. There were, in fact, several Chinese Dynasties that contributed to the Wall, the Qi, the Wei, and the Zhao, however, it is three dynasties that are attributed with the greatest contributions. Qin Dynasty Again, Qin Shih Huang is responsible for the many of the oldest parts of the Great Wall. He foresaw the Wall as a fortification to protect the country from Hun invaders, as well as, suss out the rule of his descendents and future emperors who will take power by and by him. As one can regulate in the photograph these older sections of the wall have are formed of simple, natural materials, and are routine worse for wear in some sections. However, Qin, d espite all of the innovations he brought during his rule, book printing and avenue building, but much of his rule was considered harsh and, even, cruel. The use of force to maintain work on the wall, along with a number of other sources of social unrest, resulted in a rebellion that ended his dynasty just after his death (Chinese Heritage Quarterly 1). Han Dynasty The Han Dynasty, regarded as one of the most powerful of Chinese dynasties, also, feared invasion from Hun Forces. This diplomatic rule attempted to make peace with by offering trade and economic incentives. However, this had microscopic success and the Chinese resorted to a few offensive battles, but they became too costly to finance. The Han focused on adding to portions of the Great Wall, again as a defense, but this time it moved west toward the Gobi Desert the intention being to protect the Silk Roads that were so essential to the empires economy (The Great Wall of China). As can be seen in the photograph, there is distinct difference in style and coloring of the stones in comparison between the Qin and the Han contributions the Hans stones are darker and red Ming Dynasty The Ming Dynasty is credited with being the most prolific contributor to the building of the Great Wall. In fact, the majority of the wall that we are familiar with today is remnants of the works of this dynasty added between the years of 1368-1644 C.E. The Ming

Food safety Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

fare safety - Research Paper ExampleThe report of Potter and Hotchkiss express that, solid pabulum preservation is an action or method designed to maintain foods at a desired level of quality. A number of new preservation techniques are being developed to satisfy accepted demands of economic preservation and consumer satisfaction in safety, nutritional and sensory aspects (McElhatton & Marshall,3). Since food is perishable in nature, thither is a necessity to preserve the food that we eat through food preservation techniques. The importance of food safety has become the main concern of the consumers worldwide because wellness issues and several food-related diseases that can go with it. The commencement ceremony thing to consider before dining-out or buying take-away food is to make sure that the food that you are paying for is nutritious and safe. Nowadays, people prefer to dine-out than cook their own meals at home because of their vigorous lifestyle. Eating out or buying f ood to take home from food establishments actually saves eon and effort of its consumers. In fact, there are several fancy and affordable fast food restaurants which fissure great-tasting meals. Consumers patronize them especially if they are busy with work and just buy take-away food for their families. Thus, to the highest degree of the big or small food corporations alike should practice sanitation and cleanliness in preparing food because this concerns the health of the general public which is of utmost concern. regimen corporations must be transparent to their consumers on the ways and methods utilize in preparation of the meals they serve to the general public. Thesis The proper preparation of food by maintaining cleanliness and smashing sanitation by the food-producing corporations shall ensure food safety and protect the health of its consumers. II. Ethical Issue and Debates The field of view of Sherrow and Marzili reported that widespread outbreaks of illnesses cause by the food we eat amaze grabbed headlines, but news reports have been left unanswered. In the US, everything from snack food made with spice imported from China to spinach self-aggrandising organically in California has been implicated. Critics of the food sedulousness and the government agencies that regularise it such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), argue that the government is subservient to powerful persistence interests which result to unsafe food supply (9). Thus, many Americans suffer from foodborne illnesses due to the passive and unreceptive repartee of the government agencies to combat this growing problem. Included are the big corporations, engaged in food industry who fail to monitor the safety of the food supply, and sometimes poor hygiene implemented in their food premises. Government agencies such as FDA and USDA must be able to carry-out the objectives of their offices to protect the general public. Food is a basic necessity and human beings are dependent on food for survival. However, the government should regulate the food manufacturers, food operators and restaurant owners, by enforcing stricter laws to safeguard the safety of the consumers. III. Corporate Social Responsibility It is the province of food corporations to be transparent when it comes to serving the food that they serve to their consumers. It is

MRSA Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

MRSA - Research Paper ExampleMRSA is a nuisance in hospital for the patients with undefendable wounds or on invasive devices and b another(prenominal)some for immunocompromised patients. The study reports MRSA to be the major cause of indisposition and death rate in the hospitalized patients and thereby enhances the burden of hospitalization cost. The research reports the mortality associated with MRSA between 1999- 2005. However, the article does not report the variation of cases in different hospitals to cotton up the need of intervention required in a particular hospital to rule out the cause and take steps to eradicate MRSA as through with(p) in the study carried out by Hardy et al, (2007). The article considered evidence based research to highlight allocated resources to deal with MRSA and emphasize on the decision of policy makers to adopt bear measures, but the article does not state the get the hang measures to be adopted in different hospital settings to check spread of nosocomial spread of MRSA. On the other hand the study carried out by Hardy et al, (2007) specify the microbiological realization of patients followed by the isolation of such cases to prevent cross-infection together with application of mupirocin and skin disinfectant in straddle to remove the chances of any carriage. The article emphasize on thorough screening and isolation. According to Hardy et al, (2007), the interventions to control MRSA infection are poorly designed and including nurse cohort in bays. The screening method that is suggested by Hardy et al, (2007) directly implicate the molecular methods for detection of MRSA such as multiplexed PCR primers to detect the presence of cistron (mecA). Methodology The methodology adopted was based on estimated incidence, i.e. the number of hospitalized cases with S. aureus-related discharge. The Surveillance Network (TSN) Database- is an electronic secretarial assistant of susceptibility test is utilized to test the drug res istance patterns. However, the study highlights NHDS report on the mortality of the patient but the reason of mortality was not specified. The report estimated only those mortality cases which were involved with MRSA. On the contrary, study carried out by Hardy et al, (2007) was systematically planned involving socio-economic, ethnic as salutary as age characteristics. It involved seven surgical wards encompassing general surgery, vascular, thoracic, ENT, trauma and orthopedic as well as urology. The study also had inclusion and exclusion criteria of the cases in contrast to the study carried out by Klein et al, (2007) which does not have any exclusion criterion nor does the study involved sampling procedure. On the other hand, study carried out by Hardy et al, (2007) involved nasal samples as they can be procured advantageously and have 84% sensitivity. The results procured were immediately conveyed to the staff of the concerned departments to have laboratory protocol and for pat ient knowledge and communication. All these actions such as data collection, data analysis, sample size, economic analysis, modelling were swiftly performed to control the infection. All these methods were lacking in the study carried out by Klein et al, (2007). Discussion According to Klein et al, (2007), antimicrobial drug-resistant illnesses jaw larger costs as compared to the susceptible infections caused for instance infection caused by Staphylococcus

Inequalities and Incentives in the Nigerian Education System Literature review

Inequalities and Incentives in the Nigerian Education System - Literature review pillow slipFrom the report it is clear that education promotes equality of opportunity, citizenship, social inclusion and economic development. For this reasons, education equality should be encouraged. Several variables are attributed to the outcomes of unequal educational. Such variables include origin of the family, gender, social class, and earnings, achievements made in life, wellness status and political participation. An education incentive refers to a program or formal scheme utilise to promote and encourage teachers and students to produce better results and the best out of education. An incentive program aims at adult or producing better and the best results out of something. Implementation of good education incentive program improves the tuition performance and tries to eradicate education inequalities.This research declares thatin third world countries, research methodology is base on th e differentiation of initial base to get to a strong hypothesis and this technique is beingness used from decades, although, research in such countries exclusively lack empirical analysis of the basic idea due to lack of practical resources.Research methodology being followed in developing and developed nations stick independent research protocols which mainly include educational infrastructure of a country, employee-employer relationship based on educational standards and least differentiated class structures.

1984 George Orwell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

1984 George Orwell - see ExampleAll privacy of the people is done away with. An individual cannot express, he is part of the embodied conformity. Each citizen is required to be a loyal follower of the government. Physical and emotional tortures ar the sure procedures to achieve the reformation goals. The supreme leader eliminates the fundamental rights and freedom of expression of the citizens. They are like the dumb, compulsive cattle. Since each movement is monitored, people are afraid to exhibit even emotions. Human nature is suppressed. juvenility is taught to rebel against the parents. It was almost normal for people over thirty to be frightened of their own children. (Orwell n. d.) They are afraid of their shadowsNewspeak relates to domination of the thought process where in the State will command it in totality, with no scope for the opinion of others. It will remove all shades of meanings from the language that which is not conducive to the doctrine of the state. Thus, t he vocabulary gets reduced every year and the words like rebellion, freedom etc., will vanish from the mental lexicon of the totalitarian state. The processes of destruction of words begin with the introduction and use of Newspeak to give a blow to pellucid thinking with a deliberate scheme to oppress the freedom-loving speakers. Its negative connotation is its beauty.The governments main aim is to know what is going on in the minds of the people, and telescreens are installed to watch their moves. News about irrational hopes is broadcasted. The tools like newspaper, print media and speakers give information, not truth, and what is convenient from the government point of view. Psychological principles are utilize to brainwash the people and to secure their commitment to the philosophy of the party. For example, they apply electrical shocks to subdue and weaken the notion of Winston. The constant supervision makes the citizens the virtual prisoners in their daily lives in Oceani a.

Silence Family Essay Example for Free

Silence Family actSilence are the words that are not said, rather tbiddy the words that are chosen. It is the aid of the truth as well as hiding from it. In the novel Obasan by Joy Kogawa, belt up is a part of a culture and is a larger part of a family. The character Naomi allows lull to over come her demeanor, which allows her to remain tortured inside the internment camp of her own body. Although the family is living in another country, the traditions to Japan are still very strong. In the U. S. hush is generally looked upon as still while Japan it traditionally signals pensiveness, alertness, and sensitivity. Growing up with Obasan and her Uncle, Naomi was raised and taught to respect silence. Naomi remains extremely hush up more or less her childhood under the guidance of her aunt. A major truth she hides is her molestation. She was taught not to lash hazard at adults and to do what they say. At this moment, she learned dis-trust. The incidents with him happened mor e than once, yet she remained silent.This, for Naomi, drew her apart from her mother, leaving something betwixt them that could not be discussed or mentioned. Before this event, they had sort of a silent communication, and right away she misses that. This is similar to the hen and chick incident where the mother hen pecks at the baby chicks. She now can see a tare between mother and daughter she couldnt see before. They are the eyes that protect, shielding whats hidden most deeply in the heart of a child(p. 59).There was no agelong this link between her and her mother afterward the shame of her losing innocence. Naomi remains silent for so long that, silence within her small body has grown large and powerful, (p. 14) just as it did for Obasan. She lives her life miserable after all she has been through but must remain silent about. Unlike Aunt Emily, Obasan believes that talk about and confronting the fact that the Canadians interned the Japanese will not bring about justice bu t only sadness, an sensation she does not express because the language of er grief is silence. She has learned it well, its idioms, and its nuances. (p. 14) Being raised by Obasan created the life Naomi has now. She lives in a world where she has no love in her life, or anyone to be honest with. still for Naomi the silence could not continue when she seeks for the truth about her mother which she had all along. Naomi learns about her mothers tragedy through the letters between Grandma and Grandpa Kato she received from Emily.She has known that her mothers grave had been found but Naomi never knew that her mother was badly hurt in the bombings of Nagasaki when she was helping her full cousin Setsuko with her new baby Chieko, who looked just like Emily. After the bombing Naomis mother and the baby were some(prenominal) in the hospital. Naomis mother was badly injured and the baby had leukemia. Since the baby looked like Naomi there was a connection to her and for the first time th e communication between Naomi and her mother are open again.This allows Naomi to begin speaking to her, even though she was not there. But after reading those letters Naomi broke the silence because now she knows the truth and she can finally communicate. In Obasan, Naomi is tortured by the silence of the truth. She is unable to speak of what is unfeigned and can not get out what is real due to the absence of her mother and having to be come up by her Obasan. After she does learn the truth, she does not feel tortured any more because she can find the comfort of communication with her mother, a connection she has missed for years.

Promoting Wellness and Resilience Essay Example for Free

Promoting Wellness and Resilience EssayThis paper deals with promoting health and resiliency for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). First, a mock up of wellness and resiliency is presented. Then, recommended intervention activities that promote resiliency and wellness are discussed. Lastly, prevention and education activities are proposed.Wellness and Resiliency ModelStudies on wellness and resilience models among individuals with IDD appear non- surviveent and very few have been written about counseling methodology. Most center on on a cognitive-behavioral approach to psychotherapy (CBT). Therefore, a paradigm must be created that combines CBT and an evidence-based model of wellness. Myers, Sweeney, and Witmer (2000) confine wellness as a way of life oriented toward optimal health and upbeat, in which body, mind, and pure tone are integrated by the individual to live life more fully within the human and natural community. Ideally, it is the optimum state of health and offbeat that each individual is capable of achieving (p. 252). Resilience refers to convinced(p) adaptation, or the ability to maintain or regain mental health, despite experiencing adversity (Herrman, Stewart, Diaz-Granados, Berger, Jackson, Yuan, 2011, p. 259). Myers and Sweeney (2005) created a model of wellness called The Indivisible Self which is based on Adlerian principles. This model delineates five areas of wellness physical, essential, social, coping, and creative. bodily well-being is further divided into two areas exercise and nutrition. Essential wellness is broken down into quaternion components spirituality, self-care, sex identity, and ethnical identity. complaisant felicity is divided into two parts friendship and love. Coping is divided into four aspects realistic beliefs, stress management, self-worth, and leisure. Creative fitness is broken down into five elements thinking, emotion, control, positive humor, and work (Myers an d Sweeney, 2005). Recommended treatment Activities That Promote Resilience and Wellness Asthe IDD creation tends to be of lower socioeconomic status (as adults), rigid in residential facilities, and highly medicated, physical health is a vital component of overall wellness. Physical fitness stool be maintained through exercise programs. A community-based program described by Lante, Walkley, Gamble, and Vassos (2011) provided health and psychosocial benefits to participants. In the area of essential wellness, spirituality plays an important part in the lives of most.IDD individuals should be allowed to serve worship services or participate in other activities cultivating the spiritual nature. Watts (2011) proposes utilization of Special ghostlike schooling for People with a Developmental Disability (SPRED), defined as symbolic catechesis where formal counsel is supplemented or completely replaced by visual, aural, sensory, and physical stimuli (p. 237). In the area of self-ca re, individuals lowlife be taught tasks to their fullest level of independence. sex identity can be explored through modified sex-education curriculums exemplified by The Facts of Lifeand More by Walker-Hirsch (lesliewalker-hirsch.com, 2014). Social well-being is a necessary component of wellness among those with IDD. Friendship and love are very possible and should be encouraged.Community groups, such as The Gathering Place and Pathfinders, provide a venue and activities for the population (welcometowesley.com, 2014 gracenc.org, 2014). go out sites such as Special Bridge provide access for individuals with IDD a chance to meet and exit others with IDD (specialbridge.com). CBT can be utilized to help disabled individuals in the area of coping. Irrational beliefs can be explored and replaced with more realistic views. Stress management techniques can be taught.Self-worth can be explored and improved (Lee, 2004). waste skills and interests can be explored and improved upon throug h systematic testing and development (Kreiner and Flexer, 2009). Creative fitness can be cultivated through activities that involve thinking, particularly critical thinking. Handling emotions and controlling behavior can be taught via dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) (Rizvi, Steffel, and Carson-Wong, 2013). Work needs can be met through sheltered, supported, and/or free-enterprise(a) employment. In North Carolina, the Division of Vocational Rehabilitation provides services and referrals to service providers (ncdhhs.gov/dvrs, 2014).Proposed Prevention and Education ActivitiesEducation and prevention can focus on training individuals, families, caretakers, and facility staff. If those who are in contact with the population everyday can be educated as much as possible, the level of wellness and resilience in persons with IDD should increase. IDD clients can learn about healthy eating and exercise through objective plans familiarised for functioning level. For instance, individuals with autism can read a social story (The Gray Center, 2014). Individuals, families and staff can be trained on proper nutrition by registered dietitians who can develop meal plans (American Dietetic Association, 2009).The grandness of gender and sex education, spirituality, and cultural identity can be taught to those working with people with IDD. Gender and cultural identity and sex education can be taught to individuals with IDD through modified curriculums or incidental learning. Social skills, coping mechanisms, and creative pursuits can be taught to individuals. Families and facilities can learn what coping mechanisms are effective for clientele. place Strategies to Promote Community ResourcesFamilies in particular can be guideed to community resources. Many resources exist for individuals with IDD. Brochures, information about service providers, and government resources can be given to families and higher-functioning individuals. Providing links to websites for organizations such as The Arc and managed care organizations such as Coastal Care can be a rock-steady starting place (thearc.org, 2014 coastalcarenc.org, 2014).ReferencesBeange, H., Lennox, N. (1999). Health targets for people with an intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Developmental Disability, 24(4), 283. Retrieved from http//ezproxy.library.capella.edu/login?url=http//search.ebscohost.com.library.capella.edu/login.aspx?direct=truedb=aphAN=2731367site=ehost-livescope=site The gathering place. (2014). Retrieved May 18, 2014, Retrieved from http//welcometowesley.com/connect/special-needs/ The gray center What are social stories. (2014). Retrieved May 18, 2014, Retrieved from

Definition Courage Essay Example for Free

Definition fearlessness EssayAll of us trust the dictionary to give us the full understanding of a word we do non know. In this aspect, it is insufficient when it describes courage. eon it defines physical courage, it omits inner courage which provokeful be argued to be much more valuable to posses. Websters New World Dictionary describes courage as an attitude of face up and dealing with anything recognized as hazardous, difficult or painful, instead of withdrawing from it. courage is not the ability to be brave or to laugh in the face of danger. Courage is not risking your life for justice.Courage is not a person who agrees to fight, but he who can stand up against it. Courage is not something you can define entirely, and therefore can vary between each person. It can be said that a little girl who ventures out on her bike for the first snip displays as much courage as a man jumping into a lake to save a drowning woman, knowing he cannot swim. Courage is a state of mi nd that enables a person to overcome fear, pain, danger or hardship. Although different from one another, all in all aspects of courage involve taking risks. Physical courage is facing your fears of possible bodily harm.A fireman rushing into a burning construct, a woman streak across thin- ice to save a child that has just fallen through, an officer charging into a building to save a hostage. These are all examples of physical courage. Mental courage is standing up to your phobias. While some fear heights, I myself fear speaking in front of a large audience. A son who overcomes his fear of flying to be by his dying mothers side is mental courage that cannot be fully measured or explained. Mental courage is the ability to overcome tragedy and to move send in the face of sheer defeat.Mental courage is a man finding out he has a brain tumor, and still cherishing and living life to the fullest. Mental courage is taking care of your companion and sister following the death of their parents. The word courage comes from the Latin word cor, meaning heart. It derives from the belief that all feelings begin in the heart. The definitions given to all of us do not suffice because they lack astuteness and clarity. Mental courage, while not mentioned, and not defined, is portrayed in all of us on a daily basis and should be along-side physical courage in the references we rely on.

Into thin Air and To Build a Fire Essay Example for Free

Into thin Air and To word form a awake EssayNature is the vivid force that governs deportment weather and events beyond the control of troops. Nature is utterly indifferent to man. Even though man cannot control character, man can overcome spirit. However, human errors can cause nature to defeat man. The two main guides, Rob hall and Scott Fischer in Into thin Air and the Man in To design a Fire errors played a huge role in their battle against nature. In Jon Krakauers Into Thin Air and jack Londons To Build a Fire, mans propensity to underestimate natures strengths and prodigal ostentation take to natures victory. In Into Thin Air, the guides propensity to underestimate natures strengths was one of the human errors that led to mans defeat. During the expedition, Scott Fischer was one of the main guides to underestimate nature. Before summiting Mount Everest, germ Jon Krakauer recalls Scott Fischer stating that he built a xanthous brick road to the summit, (Krakauer , 86). Scott Fischers tone shows that he is underestimating natures strength because he rule out the perilous obstacles the climbers would encounter while summiting.In addition, in the story To Build a Fire, the mans tendency to underestimate nature caused him to lose his battle against nature. While traveling by dint of the Yukon, the man encountered the severely cold weather. However, he continued to travel because he believed he could defeat the weather. Jack London writes Fifty degrees below home in meant eighty odd degrees of frost. Such facts impressed him as creation cold and uncomfortable and that was all. It did not lead him to meditate upon his frailty as a creature of temperature, (Jack London, pg. 1).The mans thoughts illustrates that he is underestimating natures office due to lack of knowledge on the discreetness of humans humans always need to be in a stable environment. However, he believes he can survive in fifty degrees below zero temperature without facing any serious life threatening conflicts. In Into Thin Air, lead guide Rob Halls excessive superbia caused nature to win. The expedition was full of people who were extremely imperious. Rob Hall was one of the most prideful people on the expedition. Author Jon Krakauer recalls a comment made by Rob Hall during the expedition.He states that hall bragged on more than one occasion that he could get almost any somewhat fit person to the summit, (Krakauer, 284). This description proves that Rob Hall is extremely prideful because he all disvalues the risk aspects of come up to the outmatch of Mount Everest. Furthermore, Rob halls pride led to the quite a little fall of the expedition. When Rob Hall guided everyone on the 1995 Mount Everest expedition safely, he was sure he could guide another expedition and put one over the same outcome as the 1995 expedition.In the end of the novel, the author states After everyone came out of that summit attempt alive, Hall may have well thought in that location was little he couldnt handle,(Krakauer, 284). Rob Halls thought illustrates that his pride led to the down fall of the expedition because he did not acknowledge the fact that every expedition is different. climbing a mountain is extremely unpredictable. He made an enormous mistake by believing from the 1995 expedition. In To Build a Fire, the mans excessive pride leads him into conflict when he does not heed the advice of others who had experience similar situations.Jack London writes All this the man knew the old-timer from sulphur creek had told him about it the previous fall, and now he was appreciating the advice, (Jack London, paragraph 20). This description illustrates that the man, in his egotistic mind, never believed he would encounter any obstacles and disregards the old-timers advice. It is not until he encounters a hazardous problem that he truly sees the logical implication of the old-timers advice. In the novel Into Thin Air, mans propensity to und erestimate natures ability allowed nature to beat man.Scott Fischers comment regarding the summit allowed nature to beat man because it made the climbers cut down their guards and not focus on the things that could go wrong while summiting. His comment probably convinced many a(prenominal) climbers that climbing Mountain Everest was extremely easy and that they didnt have put their all in climbing because they had a perfect guide who had everything figured out. If Scott Fischer had concentrate on things that could go wrong and made a plane, then they would have been able to defeat natures strengths. In addition, in the story ToBuild a Fire, the man allowed nature to beat him due to his propensity to underestimate nature. The man did not fully comprehend the mean of fifty degrees below zero. To the man, it meant only cold and uncomfortable. However, fifty degrees below zero temperature can cause dangerous life threatening problems due to the fragility of humans. If had better comp rehend the sure meaning of fifty degrees below zero temperature, then natures strengths could have been defeated and he would not have lost his life. In Into Thin Air, Rob Halls excessive pride caused nature to beat man.Rob Hall, the lead guide of the expedition, had repeated success at getting everyone to the top of Everest. This made him extremely proud. Over time, his pride got the better of him by making him complacent. If Rob Hall had focused on getting the clients to the top safely, then he could have beat nature. However, Halls excessive pride caused him to not heed the obstacles him and his clients might have encountered while climbing Everest. Furthermore, in To Build a Fire, the mans pride also allowed nature to beat him. When the inexperienced man arrived at the Yukon, he decided to disregard the advice given to him.He was so confident that in could survive traveling the severely cold Yukon Territory. If the man had taken the old-timers advice and used it to make rationa l decisions, then he could have survived. In Into Thin Air and To Build a Fire, mans tendency to underestimated natures power and extreme pride allowed nature to defeat man. Nature always pushes man to his limits. It is up to the mans decisions that illustrates whether man will win or if nature will win. Man is natures enemy. One little human error can lead to natures victory.

Group Development Essay Example for Free

Group Development EssayFirst, here is a summary of the development tiers of a squad. In the forming stage, squad members come togetherand form initial impressions. They socialize in order to get to fasten do each other and bond with other aggroup members. In the storming stage, group members experience hostility and infighting over tasks and how the group works. In the norming stage, police squad members start to come together and realize what needs to be accomplished. In the performing stage, team members are well-organized and well-functioningand maintain a positive balance. In the adjourning stage, team members achieve conclusion when the throw up is accomplished.At the end of the cask study the team is still in the storming phase of team development. The team has not fully come together. There is still some infighting with mike and the presence of cliques is developing, for example, the circumstance in the cafeteria. Overall, I think there is tension within the team.Christines leadership abilities could benefit by having knowledge of the stages of group development. Aside from the very foremost meeting microphone was not present at any subsequent meetings. He missed out on the forming stage of team development. During this stage mike could have talked with the team about his outside distractions, job and girlfriend, that may pr import him from fully participating at the meetings, and on the wander. If Christine had some knowledge of team development she would have recognized this lapse in the forming stage and could have been able to address this issue with Mike before it became a bigger problem.Christine, as the team leader, could have pulled Mike aside and talked to him about the importance of at die harding the meetings. She could have spoke with him after the cafeteria resultant to reassure him that he was not being excluded, but that all the team members being there was real a coincidence. Also, she could have told Mike her opin ion about how she felt he had a lot to bye the team, the value of his contributions and how it would help with the success of the team.PART II Problem IdentificationThe primary problem that appears in this case is Christines lack of knowledge in team development and as a team leader. The secondary problem is Mikes unwillingness to contribute to the team.Since Christine did not have knowledge of team development or experience she was ineffective as the team leader. She could have organized the team crack by assigning tasks, scheduling meetings in advance, and possible scheduling a team building event to solidify the forming stage of development.Mike was the second problem to overall team success. Although Mike had issues outside of the team he should have talked to the team at the beginning and asked for assistance and support. After the incident in the cafeteria Mike simply walked away. He should have stayed for a few minutes and discussed the situation with the other members. I wear upont fell Mike did his part to interact with the team to enhance the forming stage of development. After the first meeting he immediately set himself as an outsider.Christine as a leader must witness the each group of individuals is going to have its own personality, both individually and collectively. When you understand the needs of each member, and the dynamic that each one brings to the group, then and only then, are you able to develop a strategy to utilize team development to achieve the groups ultimate goal.The goal is to complete a quality project on time. If Christines knowledge of team synergy, social facilitation, and overall team effectiveness would have master of ceremonies her well in her role as project leader. Lastly, Christie needs to learn how to assign tasks based on the strengths, and weaknesses of each team member. Other members of the team each had something to offer, including Mike. He was classified as a clown. Clowns tend to be very spontaneous in their thinking this is a possible source of new and advanced ideas. This should have been communicated to Mike as well as the rest of the team.PART III Retrospective military rankIn order for Christine to solve her primary problem two things need to occur. First, Christine should take a class in system behavior. Understanding the team development process, as well as, team effectiveness, and teams in an organization will definitely help Christine. She will be able to understand, and identify positive and negative aspects of her project team and would have been able to implement steps to correct any deficiencies.The second aspect was Christines lack of effectiveness and her inability to integrate Mike into the team. After the first meeting which Mike attended, the problems started. Mike did not make meeting, and was submitting hand written notes. Christine should have structured a meeting that Mike could attend, or scheduled a team building social event. in addition, she could ha ve started reviewing his notes with the other team members at the meetings since he was not there to do it himself. This would at least have given the other team members the knowledge that Mike was making an effort on his part of the project.PART IV ReflectionIn my opinion Christine was presented with a challenge that was way above her level of experience. Her lack of knowledge in team development, and as a team leader was evident in the project team. The team did not make it past the storming phase, and therefore never fully developed into an efficient team. She failed to integrate one individual into the team. This caused clangour within the team and left one section of the project incomplete with one week remain until the deadline. Overall, I do not believe Christine was an effective group leader.REFERENCES1. Schermerhorn, J.R. Jr.,Osborn, R.N., Uhl-Bien, M., Hunt, J.E., Organizational Behavior 12th variant (2012), John Wiley Sons, Danvers, MA.

Friedrich Froebels Ideas On the Role of Play In the Early Years Education Essay Example for Free

Friedrich Froebels Ideas On the Role of Play In the Early historic period Education EssayPlay is probably the very first thing that comes to our minds when we start thinking approximately our tikehood. Certainly its hard to talk about ahead of time years without referring to put-on, as it is a part of childrens native behaviour, embedded in their spontaneous day-to-day life. The fact that the play is enjoyable is generally agreed, but the revalue of play in school, however, has been in the centre of much line of reasoning in the past (and it seems like that debate is still going on today). The roots of contemporary understanding of the role of play in early childhood education extend clearly to Friedrich Froebel, a German educator, who organized and systematized the methods of early childhood in accordance with the idea of the spontaneous, self-sustaining nature of children (E. Evans, 1971, p. 43). Froebel believed that every child had within him all he was to be at birth , and that the proper educational environment was to encourage the child to mystify and scram in the nigh favourable manner. Young children are to be regarded and tended essentially like plants.Like these, if they were given the right conditions, they would grow and unfold and flower, by their own law, each according to its individual capacity and destiny. (E. Lawrence, 1969, p. 195) In his study of child-nature wholeness of the most marked characteristics, which attracted Froebels attention, was the childs inborn desire for activity, which reveals itself in play. According to Froebel, play is the freest active manifestation of the childs cozy self which springs from the need of that inner living consciousness to realize itself outwardly. (H. Bowen, 1907, p.116) Froebel made a significant ploughshare to early childhood education by seeing play as a process in which children bring to realization their inner nature. He recognized that children began to learn as soon as they be gan to interact with the world, and he reasoned that since the interaction was mostly in the form of play, the way to educate a child was through play, as a means of awakening and developing the active and presentative side of his nature therefore none, not even the simplest gifts from a child, should ever be suffered to be neglected. (F.Froebel, 1901, p. 77) Froebels continuous studies of the function of play in a childs life came to fruition in the concept of the Kindergarten ? a place where children instruct and educate themselves and where they develop and integrate all their abilities through play. Froebel believed that play provided the means for a childs intellectual, social, emotional and physical development. Games were not scarcely idle time wasting, but the most important steps in the childs development, and they were to be watched by teachers as clues to how the child is developing.It is through play that the child learns the use of his limbs, of all his bodily organs , and with this use gains health and strength. with play he comes to know the external world, the physical qualities of the objects which surround him, their motions, action, and reaction upon each other, and the relation of these phenomena to himself, ? a knowledge that forms the basis of that which will be his permanent stock for life. (H. Bowen, 1907, p.101) However, Froebel didnt think that the play of young children should be unprompted at all times. For him the skill of adults was in knowing how and when to intervene, how to support and extend childrens play to sponsor them to grasp and to try out their learning in concrete ways. (T. Bruce, 1997, p. 23) To stimulate learning through well-directed play Froebel designed a series of instructional materials, which he called gifts and occupations.

Thomson Additional Scanners Essay Example for Free

Thomson Additional S bathners EssayOur training confederacy and scanner promotion has been a great success. To date, 19,987 Retail Sales Associates have enrolled in the training political platform. The program can be completed in just four hours with a 98% completion rate.In line with this, we would like to enlist your help on a subsequent project. As you can recall, the initial promotion was to give away scanners to the first 500 RSAs to complete the training. Due to an error in our netmail notification system, we inadvertently notified 1,000 RSAs that they would receive scanners. I assure you that the system has been repaired and no further notifications have been send out.In order to immediately repair this problem, we are seeking your professional help to determine how we can provide additional scanners in a timely manner and at a minimal cost. satisfy contact me as soon as possible withOrder details and requirements.Cost estimates and rebates you can allow us.Delivery time frame estimatesBob OBrien and Sheila Gallagher have been informed somewhat the situation and both(prenominal) agreed that we can work together on a solution.If you have any questions, feel let go of to contact me at 702-458-8316.In the last meeting, we have tackled the problem about the mix up in the promotion of scanners. We have discussed the cause which was a technological lapse in the automatic response email system. As a consequence, 1,000 RSAs were notified that they will be given free scanners through the promotional endeavor of our order and Thomson. However, the IT manager assured the fraternity that the email notification system has been fixed and that it is currently functioning well. In addition, the head of the IT department ensures that this kind of incident would not happen again.More so, you have also quest the formulation of suggestions on how to deal with the problem and to resolve the dilemma of providing an additional $500 scanners at a lesser cost.Re commendationsThe following were the recommendations and options discussed during the meetingPurchase 500 scanners from Thomson and distribute it to the the other RSAs who were notified. Through this, the possibility of having strive relations with the retail partners or RSAs will be prevented because the company has complied with its promo. Also, the good reputation of the company would be maintained.Creating an e-mail that would inform the 500 RSAs that there have been an error with the companys email notifications system that wrongly notified them about the free scanners. As a consolation, the company could send a token of consolation for sending a wrong message regarding the scanner promo. This approach could prevent the influx of calls from dissatisfied RSAs and even litigation by the RSAs.Request the Thomson company if they could give away free scanners since the partnership and the promotion have been successful. By doing this, the company would comply with its promise of gi ving free scanners to RSAs and at the same time satisfy them with an excellent.Based on my own opinion, I would suggest buying the extra 500 scanners to the RSAs as indicated in the promo. To minimize the cost, we should hold Thomson for a bulk discount or if they can shoulder some of the expenses of the scanners since we already have conventional a strong business relationship with them. This mix up with the promotion was an honest mistake and there was no intention at all in our part to ruin the promotion. So I infer Thomson would understand our predicament and hopefully they would help us with our problem. In the end, we can assure our business partners and clients that we would offer to provide first-rate services.

Chaucers Prologue To The Canterbury Tales Essay Example for Free

Chaucers Prologue To The Canterbury Tales EssayDave Tagatac side of meat III Dec. 1, 2000 Canterbury Tales Essay 1 In Geoffrey Chaucers Prologue to The Canterbury Tales, there was a Friar to accompany the party locomotion to Canterbury. Hubert, as he was called, embodied the traits from which friars were expected to keep their distance. Chaucer is successful in using this white-necked beggar to make for to the readers mind corruption, wealth, greed, and lechery, all hypocritical and immoral characteristics for a man of the church to possess. Although he is a springy man, full of joy and wantonness, these ar mere irrelevancies when assessing Huberts value of character as a friar. Throughout Chaucers rendering of the Friar in the Prologue, Huberts corruption is evident. Probably the Friars greatest evil is suggested early in his description and mentioned several(prenominal) times more. When Hubert would marry a couple, he would give each Of his young women what he could afford her. The informal connotation of this statement is enforced by the fact that He kept his tippet stuffed with pins for curls, / And pocket-knives, to give to pretty girls. some different evidence of corruption, although not as reprehensible as the defiance of celibacy, includes Huberts failure to befriend the lepers, beggars, and that crew, to whom friars were intended to be nearest. The bank clerk explains that their lack of money makes their friendship simply a waste of the Friars time.A friar is say to be poor, only taking what they need to survive, and giving the rest to those impoverished souls who need it. Hubert, on the other hand, was quite wealthy. I have never known the imbibing of alcohol to be a indispensableness of life, and yet this friar knew the taverns very well in every town / And every innkeeper and barmaid too. The narrator even states outright that his income came / To more than he laid out. Yet another extraneous possession for a friar was the extravagant dress Hubert wore, as contrasted with the rags friars were expected to don. All of these things demonstrate how the Friar, even when obtaining more than he expected, gave very little to the poor, and kept much for himself.This feeling is continued even augmented upon examination of Huberts greed. highly beloved and intimate was he / With Country folk within hisboundary. As mentioned above, he associated not with the poor, scarce only with the rich and victual-sellers. Anyone from whom a profit was possible was inherently the Friars friend. This greed is indisputable in coruscation of a final piece of evidence. That is that Hubert would actually pay other friars not to beg in his district. Again, these are actions to be frowned upon in any man, let alone a religiously affiliated one.Finally, Hubert can be shown to be a leach, hanging around those from whom he can get money, and depending on them to support his luxuriant lifestyle. Although he had no permission to hear confessio n, this was one way for him to make money, and he did not vary to utilize it. He even targeted those who werent so wealthy in a never-ending quest for financial gain though a widow mightnt have a shoe / / He got her farthing from her just the same. When quite a little of his district had a dispute, the lecherous Friar was there. Hubert could be found taking advantage of any chance he could find to make money honestly, or dishonestly.The Friar was well liked, and had a wonderful tattle voice, but his contributions to society ended here. He, through his actions, has shown evidence of corruption, immoral opulence, greed to increase this wealth, and a austere habit of leaching off others. He was considered a man of the church, but he was far from the pietism the title friar conveys.

I will Design and Carry Out my PEP on the Basis of me Being a Football Player Essay Example for Free

I get bug out Design and Carry Out my PEP on the Basis of me Being a radical chunk game Player EssayI leave behind design and guard out my PEP on the basis of me being a footb each(prenominal) game player. I am 14 geezerhood and 6 months old and feed been playing foot tryoutis since about the age of 5. I enjoy the game and I am sooner healthy at it. Although I am quite good I would uniform to train to get going better at the sport and increase my overall expireness level. I am generally fit and there is definitely room for purifyment and I give look to do so. When I leave nurture I plan to join the British Army so I would like to become fit so that I potentiometer fulfil my plans.Over the 6 work workweeks that I carry out the training regime I exit give it 100% and really try to advance my fitness and footballing skills. I want to make the scoop up of my ability at football so I can enjoy what I do and hopefully it leave behind benefit the Sunday league corporation that I play for.I play for Aspull Juniors. I have done so for 5 years now and enjoy playing for the team. I play in the centre of midfield and play in to a greater extent of a defensive role. This position allots me to put a lot of endeavor in and influence the game. I am a good tackler of the ball and can pass good as wellhead. For the job that I do on the football pitch I need to have a good formidability (so I can cope with the demands of the football math), good flexibility (so I dont stretch my muscles when making tackles), good ratio (to pass the ball and make vital tackles), strength (to out muscle opponents and kick the ball far), speed (to get to the ball quicker than the opponent), and good reaction time (this is so I can react to the ball quicker than an opponent.) My PEP should serve well me to improve all of these skills and as a take I allow become a better football player.I have never suffered whatsoever long-term injuries of any kind and have no recurring injuries.Other sports that I enjoy to do are fishing, golf, tennis and table tennis. Although I do none of these sports competitively I am interest in them and have done for fun.PEPFor my PEP I entrust use a profit session to gradually increase my fitness during the 6 weeks. I pull up stakes use a badminton speak to as my guide and say that double the length of the court is equal to one length. I volition increase the lengths as the program progresses to create an overload required to increase my fitness. I chose a profit session because I feel it is the most reliable way of increasing my fitness. Also I enjoy that it willing be easier to create an overload in either the standard of lengths or exercises that I do if I use a pyramid session. From when I have employ this session in the past tense I have found that it always gives me a good workout and can be used to good effect.I will start and progress my PEP over the weeks using the FITT principal. I will inc rease the frequency by doing more exercises and by doing more running more often. I will increase the intensity by increasing the amount of exercise that will be done. I will do this by adding more lengths onto my pyramid session and more exercise in between. I will increase the time by putting more time into the exercises in between runs. The type will also be changed. I will change the fitness test that I will do later on the pyramid sessions each week.The PEP that I have designed is one that I sound off will improve my overall fitness the most and also improve the skills that I need as a football player. It will start with a 5 sl ratiocinationer dress. This jog will stiff up my muscles so that they are not too stiff to stretch otherwise I will increase the take a chances of a ripped or torn muscle. After the jog I will move on to my stretches. They will be thoroughly carried out so not to allow any muscle spot whatsoever can occur. The stretches are one of the most importa nt parts of the PEP and must be done with care and imagination. If these are not done correctly than I will run the chance of pulling or tearing a muscle.The gain Session starts by running the maximum amount of lengths you are wishing to do and wherefore gradually working your way down until there are no more lengths to complete. In between lengths you are required to do exercises. For example, if I was planning to do 16 lengths I would do 16 lengths then a chosen exercise. After the exercise you then do 15 lengths then the exercise, then 14 lengths then a exercise and so on until there are no more lengths to complete.This pyramid Session will progress throughout the 6 weeks of the PEP. Week 1 I will be doing 10 lengths, Week 2 and 3 I will be doing 12 lengths, Week 4 and 5 I will do 14 lengths and for the utmost week I will do 16 lengths. As the weeks progress an overload is created which will help me improve my fitness.The Warm UpFor my warm up I will be doing a 5 time of da y jog around the All Weather pitch. The warm up is to warm the muscles up before stretching so I do not pull a muscle. I will time myself and be sure not to strain myself as this too could result in a pulled muscle if not careful.The Leg Exercises Squats, Burpees, Switch Overs, Star JumpsThese exercises will build up my ramification muscles and allow me to put more power into a shot or long pass. These exercises will build up the strength and power in my legs and will allow me to hit a ball further and this will improve my skill as a football player. I have done more leg exercises than arm and soundbox exercises because I feel that my legs are needed more on a football pitch.The Body Exercises Sit Ups, CrunchesThe body exercises that I will do will allow me to build up my middle body muscles and will help me to become stronger and flexible in that area. This will help me when I play football because I will be able to adjust the middle part of my body easier and this will help me when I am playing.The Arm Exercises Bench Press, Press UpsBy doing these arm exercises it will improve my upper body strength and this will make it easier to shrug off opponents when contest for a ball in a game. The exercises will build up the muscles in my arms and this can help when taking a throw-in.The Cool DownFor the cool down I will do a light jog and then stretch. The cool down is to prevent lactic acid from settling in the muscles and producing cramps. This is just as important as the warm up and is needed to prevent injury after the PEP.StretchesHamstring- I would sit on the ground then deflexion over front wards and touch the exonerate of my shin, I would hold this for 10 seconds. Then I would sit up rest and then pleating over front wards once more only this time touching the toes rather than the shin.Quads- I would stand and balance myself against a wall with one arm then I would grab the left leg b remove it backwards so the foot is touching my bum and hold for 10 seconds. Then I would degree rest and change legs.Groin Stretch- I would sit on the ground and put the soles of each foot together in a yoga sort of position. Then slowly put pressure on the inwardly of each leg to stretch the groin.Upper Arm- Place one arm in front of me and can the other arm underneath the arm that is held out and grab the shoulder. After this swap arms and do exactly the same. Hold each stretch for 10 seconds.Week 1The warm up and the stretches went well and I then began my Pyramid Session. I had planned to do 10 lengths this week. I found that the Pyramid Session worked well. I realized the 10 lengths with ease just now the exercises were quite challenging. At the end of all the lengths and exercises I found myself out of breath but I was cheery with the work I had done. I then went out onto the all weather pitch to do a 50 metre sprint. I did the sprint in 8.12 seconds which was a personal best. After the sprint I did a 5 minute jog and then stretched for 5 minutes.EvaluationI was really sprightly with what I did this week but thought that I could handle more lengths than what I had done. The exercises that I did were quite demanding but I thought they would be easier to handle next week and was face forward to the challenge. I was extremely blithesome with the speed that I achieved in the 50 metre sprint and although it wasnt a big amount of time I did beat my personal best.Week 2This week I had set myself 12 lengths to do but I wasnt particularly worried about the task ahead. I started off with the 5 minute jog and a thorough stretch and then I began my Pyramid Session. The session went well again this week. akin to last week I found that the exercises were again quite tough and challenging but the lengths were realized without much difficulty. After the Pyramid Session this week, I had set my self the throw/ snatch ball test. This was not physically challenging but I had to concentrate to get the 35 get that I got. Thi s was not the best score I had ever had but I was pleased with the result.EvaluationI was again pleased with this week. The increase in lengths never really affected my performance this week. They were more challenging than the previous week but never caused a major conundrum throughout the session. The throw/catch ball test that I did was more about finding a rhythm and concentrating rather than a physical test.Week 3After the initial warm up and stretch I travel onto another week of the 12 length Pyramid Session. This week it again never caused a huge problem but I was still tired towards the end of the session. The exercises still caused similar problems as they did in the first week and were tiring. It was this week when I began to feel an overture in my fitness. After I completed the Pyramid Session I then went and did the muscular endurance test in the hotel foyer. My previous best at this test was 100 seconds but this week I nearly doubled that score with xcl seconds. I was extremely pleased with this result. At the end of the session I did a 10 minute cool down.EvaluationI found that the 12 lengths didnt pose too much of a problem for me this week and I was looking forward to the challenge of 14 lengths next week. I think that the exercises again provided a challenge for me and I began to feel the advancement in my fitness. I was extremely pleased with the score I achieved in the muscular endurance test. I think that I did well this week and was looking forward to the next few weeks ahead.Week 4Due to a Dentist appointment I was unable to complete the regime at school. As a result I set up a training course on a football field behind my house and carried out my session to the best of my ability taking the environment and lack of equipment into condition. I worked hard for 1 hour and was pleased with the workout I had.Week 5This week was my first attempt in school of attempting the 14 lengths I had set. Firstly, I did the warm up and stretches then g ot started with the Pyramid Session. It began like the others had but towards the end I found that this session was a lot more tiring than the previous weeks. At the end my legs were aching and I was really tired. I had created the overload and felt the affect. Although I was tired I was pleased with the task I had done and was looking to the week ahead.The test this week was a standing broad jump. I managed to get a score of 1 metre 52 centimetres. I was quite pleased with the score although it was not a personal best. After the test I went outside where I did a 5 minute jog and stretched off to avoid cramped muscles.EvaluationI was pleased with the effort that I put in today and could feel a definite improvement in my fitness. I thought that 14 lengths were very challenging and along with the leg, arm and middle body exercises produced a Pyramid Session which would challenge me.The standing broad jump that I did was not spectacular but I was pleased with the result.Week 6For this week I was supposed to do 16 lengths, but because I missed week 4 I decided that I would carry on with 14 lengths. I went outside and did the warm up followed by the stretches then went inside to carry out the Pyramid Session. The 14 lengths were challenging but I felt an improvement in my fitness and they were easier to complete than the lengths last week. The test for my final week was a repeat of the throw/catch ball test. I carried it out in the Sports Hall and beat the score I had gotten previously. I got a score of 33, beating the score of week 2 and equalling my personal best.EvaluationI was pleased with the work that I had done in my final week. I found that the 14 lengths in the Pyramid Session were easier to complete than the previous week. I was pleased with the level of my fitness and was pleased with the score I achieved in the throw/catch ball test. final examination EvaluationThroughout my PEP I have seen my overall fitness gradually increase from week to week. I wou ld definitely say the regime has been a success and recommend it to people wishing to improve their fitness. The Pyramid Session provides a challenge from week to week and the exercises between the lengths make it a very demanding regime. I was pleased with the work that the exercises did and at the end of the 6 week program saw an improvement in my leg muscles, middle and upper body strength. I am extremely pleased with the improvement and success that the PEP has had.

Compare and Contrast of Agriculture Technology Between hang Dynasty and Han Dynasty Essay Example for Free

Compargon and Contrast of Agriculture technology Between hang Dynasty and Han Dynasty EssayFor the past five thousand years, human refinings exact existed on the man and constantly reforming and contributing to our society. The excellences human made ar unprecedented, and the experience theses civilizations cumu posthumousd can also be infinitely studied by the slew nowadays.This year, we learnt many great civilizations, among the civilizations in ancient China, the Shang dynasty and the Han dynasty argon the some nifty civilizations. Their cultures atomic number 18 distinct and their contributions are tremendous. Although now we can find their stories, cultures and figures only on history books, their contributions and achievements are still having deep affection to us. Agriculture is a very significant part of a civilization. Without cultivation, make progress is impossible.Agriculture is the foundation of everything. Agriculture is a good reflection of science an d technology in a civilization. During the comparing and contrasting of the agriculture of Shang dynasty and Han dynasty, we can get a deeper understanding of the great cognition and intelligent of the multitude of the dickens dynasties. We can also discover the development and progress they have made. The Shang dynasty is the befriend dynasty in Chinese history. The Shang Dynasty last from 1600 B. C. to 1046 B. C. and experienced three big stages.The Han dynasty can be divided into two historical period which are western Han dynasty (202 B. C. to 9 A. D. ) and eastern Han dynasty (25A. D. to 220 A. D. ) Both Shang dynasty and Han dynasty are important civilization in Chinese history. Also, both dynasties made big breakthrough in agriculture. From the research of a bad number of archaeological material and oracle records, archaeologists closed that the Shang dynasty is operating mostly on agriculture.Although at that time, the craft industry has been certain, agriculture is still the ifeline of the economy during Shang dynasty. Basically, the main type of agriculture during Shang dynasty was glebe farming, and in the southward of Shang dynasty, which is the Yangtze River area, the ordinary agriculture type was paddy palm farming. A very important reason that stimu easys the development of agricultural technology during the Shang dynasty is the development of tan industry. During Shang dynasty, the bronze industry developed very quickly. Especially in the late Shang dynasty, the development of bronze industry came into its own stage.The appearance of bronze tools made the agricultural technology developed quickly. The question that most batch will concern is that how did people in Shang dynasty make bronze tools? It is dead on target that it was a very hard process for people in the Shang dynasty to make bronze tools. So, at the beginning, the amounts of bronze tools are very limited. People in the Shang dynasty usually use carpentry tools includi ng knife, adz, and axes to make bronze tools. In the halfway Shang period, craftsmen can already made variety forms of bronze tools like shovels, Jues, adz.However, at that time, there were no enough sources of cooper metal compared with sources of st unmatchable tools also, the process of making bronze tools is complicated. As the result, in the middle period of Shang dynasty, bronze tools were non widely used. Also, most of the bronze tools were under the control of agricultural officers. Civilians and slaves cannot have these bronze tools. They can only use the heavy farm tools like stone spade, axes. Then, at the late period of the Shang dynasty, this problem got solved because of the expansion of the production scale.At the same time, the appearance of irrigation technology and the severe management also helped to make the development of the agriculture in the Shang dynasty. As the main production plane section during the Shang dynasty, the developed agricultural technolo gy provided the society with lots of food, in this way, a large number of people leave the career of agricultural production and began to work in other aspects for example business people, officers, soldiers, victor producers and so on. The government of Han dynasty put lots of effort on the restore and development of agricultural.Han dynasty began after the blow over of Qin dynasty. At the beginning of the Han dynasty, because of the long period of wars occur during the late period of the Qin dynasty, the agricultural and economy paralyzed. The people died in the wars are mostly farmers, as a result, the labor decrease and theres not enough people to take care of the crop territory. At that time, the total population went straight down from 20 million to 8 million. Emperor Gaozu of Han solved these problems and agriculture of Han dynasty restored and developed very quickly.There were lots of innovations and invention of agriculture during the Han dynasty. These achievements can b e divided into three aspects. Firstly, there are huge developments towards the irrigation. Secondly, there are meliorations of agricultural tools and technology. The third one is the cultivation of crops and vegetables. At the beginning of the Han dynasty, there are flood from upriver the Yellow River every year. It is a big hazard to the residents who lived in the downstream of the Yellow River. Their croplands got destroyed and several(prenominal) of them lost their houses.Emperor Wudi of Han lead his people solved this problem. Thirty thousand people work together to remove the siltation of the river and planted trees on the upstream of the river. After this recuperation, there was no big flood occurred in the Yellow River. There are lots of interesting and useful inventions during the Han dynasty. Above is agriculture equipment called Libi. Libi is a cut across equipped with a double moldboard. People put Libi on a plough can turns up the soil on each side of the furrow. Wi th the Libi, the efficiency of cultivation increase. The application of Libi is a big improvement in agriculture.Also, it is nearly 1000 years earlier than Europe of using the similar thing. Above is other invention which is called Lou. It is an animal- drawn seed plough. It has three feed. With Lou, people can do cultivation job three rows at a time. Lou can do three tasks opening ditches, sowing, covering with soil at one time. Lou made farmers during the Han dynasty save much times and did more works. Lou increased the efficiency of the busy working farmers. The popularisation of cultivation works with cattle would be another development on agriculture during the Han Dynasty.At that time, the most popular ways of cultivation are two people with three cattle and one people with two cattle. The ways that cultivation using cattle made people worked easily. The third achievement that we mentioned to a higher place is the cultivation crops and vegetables. Firstly, people made the c ultivation of crops regionalized. In the northern area, people grew wheat, and In the Yangtze River area and gray area, people grew rice. Also then the scales of the cultivation get larger. Another impressive improvement on agriculture is the cultivation of vegetables.During the Han dynasty, people already has variety chooses of vegetables including the vegetables we usually eat now like celeries, carrot, taro, green onion, ail and so on. The most amazing thing is that during Han dynasty, people already learnt to grow vegetables in the greenhouse. During the eastern Han period, there were over 20 kinds of vegetables grew in the greenhouse. The use of greenhouse is one thousand years earlier than Europe. The biggest rest of agriculture between Shang Dynasty and Han Dynasty is the expressive style of production.Shang dynasty is a slavery society, slaves worked collectively. Also, During Shang dynasty, the croplands were all belonged to the emperor of Shang, and he put the land law of serf society into practice. As the image show above, at that time, the roads and channel bulls eye and partitioned the cropland into squares. The emperor of Shang forced people work on the cropland. The outside parts are private fields and the inside part is public field. On the opposite, during the Han dynasty, people live and cultivation in the unit of a family. People have their own croplands.This kind of mode of production was usually described as mild farming by individual owners. Nowadays, in the remote mountain area or countryside, people are still using this kind of mode of production. A question may come out, why the kickoff kind of production mode didnt last long and in the contrary the second kind of production mode last till today. In my opinion, in the Shang dynastys example, people dont have their own croplands. They work hard but the wheat and rice that come out of the croplands did not belongs to them, so they are not satisfy with the works they are doing.In co ntrast, with the second kind of mode of production, people are glad because if they put more effort, they will get more payback, so they are satisfy with their works and willing to do better. From the analyzing of the agriculture technology and development of Shang dynasty and Han dynasty, we can certainly conclude that the development in agriculture of both dynasties are significant and they both show their incredible discussion to us. Their inventions and new ideas gave us inspirations. We can also see the huge improvement from Shang dynasty to Han dynasty in the 800 years. Their progresses are starling.

Factors Causing Abusive Behaviour

Factors Causing Abusive behaviorDiscuss the pathways that lead to a small fry becoming an poke funrIntroductionAb implement can invite many figures, including physical, sexual, psychological or financial1. It can also be verbal and turned on(p)2. There argon a great deal difficulties associated with defining maltreat3, which exists within social, cultural and legal parameters for example using physical chastisement with electric razorren in or so cultures is considered to be the norm4. In the UK, while the use of implements to hit churlren has been make illegal5, the debate about smacking continues it is g way out over permissible to use reasonable chastisement6, although in that respect has been criticism of this from much(prenominal) agencies as the National familiarity for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) who assert that any form of physical punishment should be outlawed.Physical blackguard is to a greater extent comprehensively defined ashitting, shak ing, throwing, poisoning, burning, scalding, drowning, suffocating or otherwise causing physical detriment(p. 533)7The definition of sexual abuse varies according to the nature of the victim (for example in relation to pip-squeak sexual abuse) yet a broad definition is that it involves the misuse of power, which might be combined with the use of force, to gain sexual gratification from a vulnerable person8Psychological and emotional abuse ready many similarities, however psychological abuse is distinguishable from emotional abuse in that it results in any(prenominal) form of cognitive or cordial impairment9 whereas emotional abuse is, arguably, more difficult to quantify as there is a degree of subjectivity involved however it has been described as the use of one or more of the following doingss humiliation, harassment, verbal abuse, demonstrating jealous and possessive behavior, using threats, abandonment, destruction or removal of items that ar Copernican to the recipien t, using controlling behaviour (for example within a relationship) and undermining or soone with a adopt to lowering their self- esteem10Financial abuse is defined asThe intentional or opportunistic appropriation of the income, with child(p) or property of a vulnerable person through theft, fraud, deception, undue influence or evolution (p. 17).11Verbal abuse is frequently a component of other types of abuse for example psychological and emotional abuse is likely to involve verbal abuse, which essentially, is the use of language which is disrespectful and hurtful to the recipient12.A composite plant form of abuse arises from Munchausen syndrome by Proxy13. This involves a parent or care- giver (most frequently the mother) giving an often plausible impression to health practitioners that a child is ill, by falsifying symptoms, providing false specimens, administering substances which affect the childs health, or by inflicting wounds or interfering with existing injuries. Quite often the mother has some health care experience so is equipped with the knowledge to inform her actions, and is also able to take over concern while at the same time giving the impression of existence pleasant and cooperative. inescapably the child is likely to suffer unnecessary distress, pain and discomfort and as such the pitch of this syndrome is considered to be a form of child abuse, involving as it does physical, psychological and emotional harm. Health professionals may unwittingly be complicit in the abuse by conducting investigations and invasive procedures which can cause further distress14. The mother is motivated by her own psychological needs for attention and a sense of worth. The reasons why somebody should bust this syndrome are not clear, and miscellaneous theories of causation have been put forward, such as personality disorder, depressive illness, emotional intervention and substance abuse15. Some sources report that the mother herself may have been ill- treated as a child16. If this is the miscue then this could be one explanation for why a child becomes an maltreater.There are various manifestations of abuse within the context of this question. Some children demonstrate b pretermit behaviour while still in their childhood17 a notorious and extreme example of this is the murder of cardinal- year old James Bulger by two ten year old boys in 199318. Other children go on to display abusive behaviour during their adolescence19,20,21 while in other masses, abusive behaviour does not emerge until maturity date despite it being possible to trace influential factors back to their childhood22The maltreat who becomes the abuserIt is a widely held assumption that people who become abusers, were abused themselves and indeed there is evidence to support this contention23,24 . Children who grow up within an abusive environment are three times more likely to become abusers, however it also important to acknowledge that not all children who have been abused go on to become abusers25. It would appear that it is more likely for abused children to become abusers if they grow up within an environment where multifactorial influences are leave such as a family history of violence, sexual abuse by a female, maternal slight and lack of supervision26,27 . It is important to gain an understanding of why children who have been abused might themselves become abusers, as these factors can be addressed as part of a preventative strategy (breaking the cycle of abuse). first off there is evidence that there may be intergenerational transmission of parenting style, whether good or bad the child simply goes on to practice what they have absorbed as a child, some of which might be on an unconscious level28 . It is also possible that the person is left with feelings of rage, anger and resentment from having been abused and the disempowering effect that this has had on them. They might go on to project these feelings onto a more vulnera ble person than they such as a child using them to vent their feelings manifested as a form of abuse. The person who was abused as a child might feel angry if they are unable to punish or hurt the perpetrator of their abuse and instead might turn on a substitute who becomes the object of their frustrations29,30. They might even use the victim of their abuse as a means of offloading the residual emotions they have as a result of their own experiences of abuse.Ward and Siegerts pathways vex31 reflects the terminology within the title and offers some explanations for the reasons that people go on to commit sexual abuse, specifically. There are five pathways within this model intimacy and social skills deficits deviant sexual scripts emotional dysregulation anti- social cognitions and multiple dysfunctional mechanisms. These are germane(predicate) to the question because the origin of sexually abusive behaviour is linked to early life experiences within at least three of these pathwa ys it is the manifestation of the behaviours that varies. Intimacy and social skills deficits are associated with childhood experiences of abuse and neglect and uncertain attachment relationships with prominents. .Elsewhere attachment deficit has been cited as a cause of waste behaviour in adulthood towards a partner, which is associated with fear of abandonment32. The deviant sexual scripts pathway is explained by the experience of childhood sexual abuse the individuals sexual script reflecting their past experience. Multiple dysfunctional mechanisms are said to develop from childhood experiences of sexual victimisation or early exposure to sexual behaviour and/ or material. The cheer of this model has been identified as offering a framework for appropriate treatment for sex offenders, as the underlying reason for the behaviour can be identified and addressed33.Psychosocial factorsPsychosocial factors such as parental loss due to death, separation or divorce have been linked wi th children becoming abusers34 however the likelihood of this occurring is change magnitude if there are multiple factors involved, as indicated on p. 4, para. 1. It is also possible that the child who has not been instantly abused themselves, but has witnessed violence at c withdraw quarters, for example their mother being abused by their father, learns that violence is an appropriate behaviour in relation to the resolution of conflict35. However it could be argued that exposing children to such behaviour in itself constitutes a form of abuse, as it is distressing and can have long- term psychological effects. In relation to exposure to violence, there is a body of evidence to link the relationship between performing violent video games, and watching violent films, with an increase in aggressive behaviour36,37 . A link was made between the killing of James Bulger (referred to above on p. 3, para. 2) and the influence of video violence, although there were also some(prenominal) o ther proposed causes for the incident38. There are also relate made between socioeconomic factors and the incidence of abuse39,40, however once again there are likely to be other, interrelated contributory factors, such as unemployment and alcohol or drug abuse.ConclusionAn extensive review of the literature yields a compelling logical argument that many abusers were themselves abused as children. However it is also clear that not all children who have been abused become abusers themselves. There are gaps in the literature in relation to examining the reasons why some individuals and not others, are able to turn away from the effects of abuse. It would appear that the reasons why a child becomes an abuser are complex and multifactorial it has been suggested at several points in this essay that the effects of one hit causative factor can be strengthened by the presence of other negative factors. In summary, the factors that might cause a child to become an abuser include being the victim of abuse, be it physical, sexual, emotional or a combination of one or more types being exposed to violent behaviour (for example between parents) exposure to materials that depict violence, such as magazines, films and video games emotional want leading to attachment deficit loss of a parent exposure to sexually explicit materials and/ or behaviour neglect the abuse of alcohol and/ or drugs within the home poverty and a lack of (non- abusive) discipline and guidance.ReferencesAbuse definitions and symptoms. Verbal Abuse. http//www.nemasys.com/ghostwolf/Resources/abusedef.shtml 2004 Accessed initiatory February 2007.Adshead G and Brooke D (eds.) Munchausens syndrome by proxy live issues in assessment, treatment and research. Imperial College Press 2001.Bagley C. Child Abusers Research and Treatment. Universal Publishers. 2003. p.2bbc.co.uk. 1993 Two boys charged with toddlers murder. http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/20/newsid_2552000/2552185.stm. Ac cessed 1st February 2007.bbc.co.uk. New smacking law comes into force. http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4175905.stm 2005. Accessed 1st February 2007.Boyles S. Do sexually Abused Kids Become Abusers? WebMD. http//www.webmd.com/content/article/60/67158.htm 2003 Accessed 31 January 2007.Brogden M and Nijhar P abhorrence, Abuse and the Elderly. Willan Publishing. 2000. p. 44Brown S. Treating Sex Offenders an presentation to sex offender treatment programmes. Willan Publishing. 2005. p. 93.Cannon M. Invited commentaries on Cycle of child sexual abuse links between being a victim and becoming a perpetrator. The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 2001 pp. 495-496Cardwell M and Flanagan C psychology A2. Nelson Thornes. 2003. p. 53Catherall D. The vade mecum of Stress, Trauma, and the Family. 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Psychology Press. 2004. pp. 47-50Macleod-Brudene I. mature Early geezerhood Care and Education For Levels 4 and 5. Harcourt Heinemann. 2004. p. 397McAuley C, Pecora P and Rose W. Enhancing the Well Being of Children And Families done utile Interventions. Jessica Kingsley Publishers 2006. p. 144.Mukherji P. Understanding Childrens Challenging Be haviour. Nelson Thornes 2001. p. 58.National Audit Office. protecting and promoting the financial affairs of people who lose mental capacity. The Stationery Office. 2005. p. 17.Plat- Jones J. Domestic violence the role of health professionals. Nursing Standard. 21(14-15-16) 2006pp. 44-48Reference.com. James Bulger. http//www.reference.com/ crease/wiki/James_Bulger. Accessed 1st February 2007Sigelman C and Rider E. Life- hybridize Human Development. Thomson Wadsworth. 2005. p. 449Skuse D and Bouvier P. jeopardy of sexually abused children becoming adult abusers lower than once thought. The Lancet February 2003.Stosny S. Treating Attachment Abuse A Compassionate ApproachSpringer Publishing 1995. pp. 42-44.Tilley N. Handbook Of Crime Prevention And Community Safety. Willan Publishing. 2005. p. 533Wilson R. Fabricated or induced illness in children. British Medical Journal. 323. 2001. pp. 296-297 kernel word count (does not include footnotes) 22531Footnotes1Brogden M and Nijhar P Crim e, Abuse and the Elderly. Willan Publishing. 2000. p. 442 Flowers R Domestic Crimes, Family Violence and Child Abuse A Study of Contemporary American SocietyMcFarland Company. 2000. p. 14.3,10Hines D and Malley- Morrison K. Family Violence in a Cultural Perspective. Sage Publications. 2004. pp. 4, 494 Mukherji P. Understanding Childrens Challenging Behaviour. Nelson Thornes 2001. p. 58.5 Macleod-Brudene I. Advanced Early Years Care and Education For Levels 4 and 5. Harcourt Heinemann. 2004. p. 397.6 bbc.co.uk. New smacking law comes into force. http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4175905.stm 2005. Accessed 1st February 2007.7 Tilley N. Handbook Of Crime Prevention And Community Safety. Willan Publishing. 2005. p. 533.8 Horton I and Feltham C. The Sage Handbook of Counselling And Psychotherapy. Sage Publicaiotns 2006. p. 464.9 Krahe B. The Social Psychology of Aggression. Psychology Press (UK). 2001. p. 161.1011 National Audit Office. protecting and promoting the financial affairs of peopl e who lose mental capacity. The Stationery Office. 2005. p. 17.12 Abuse definitions and symptoms. Verbal Abuse. http//www.nemasys.com/ghostwolf/Resources/abusedef.shtml 2004 Accessed 1st February 2007.13 Adshead G and Brooke D (eds.) Munchausens syndrome by proxy real issues in assessment , treatment and research. Imperial College Press 2001.14 Wilson R. Fabricated or induced illness in children. British Medical Journal. 323. 2001. pp. 296-297.15 Cohle S and Byard R. Sudden Death in Infancy, Childhood and Adolescence. Cambridge University Press. 2004. p.13816 Goodwin J. Munchausens Syndrome as a dissociative disorder. https//scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/dspace/bitstream/1794/1331/1/Diss_1_1_6_OCR.pdf Accessed 2nd February 200717 Erooga M. Children and Young People Who Sexually Abuse Others challenges and responses. Routledge 1999.18 bbc.co.uk. 1993 Two boys charged with toddlers murder.http//news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/february/20/newsid_2552000/2552185.stm. Accessed 1st February 2007.19, 23Hagell A Jeyarajah-Dent R Children Who Commit Acts of Serious Interpersonal Violence Messages for Practice. Jessica Kinglsey publishers. 2006. p. 75.20 Elliot J and smudge M. Children in Difficulty A Guide to Understanding and Helping. Routledge 2004. pp. 110-11121 Itzin C. Home truths about child sexual abuse a reader. Routledge 2000. p.222.22 Bagley C. Child Abusers Research and Treatment. Universal Publishers. 2003. p.22324 McAuley C, Pecora P and Rose W. Enhancing the Well Being of Children And Families Through Effective Interventions. Jessica Kingsley Publishers 2006. p. 144.25,26 Boyles S. Do Sexually Abused Kids Become Abusers? WebMD. http//www.webmd.com/content/article/60/67158.htm 2003. Accessed 31 January 2007.2627 Skuse D and Bouvier P. Risk of sexually abused children becoming adult abusers lower than once thought. The Lancet February 2003.28 Sigelman C and Rider E. Life- span Human Development. Thomson Wadsworth. 2005. p. 44929 Duncan K. Healing Fro m The Trauma Of Childhood Sexual Abuse the journey for women. Praeger/Greenwood 2004. p. 205.30 Knauer S. Recovering from Sexual Abuse, Addictions, and Compulsive Behaviours Numb Survivors. Haworth Press. 2002. pp. 146-731 Marshall W, OReilly G, Carr A and Beckett R. Handbook of Clinical Intervention with Young People Who Sexually Abuse. Psychology Press. 2004. pp. 47-5032 Stosny S. Treating Attachment Abuse A Compassionate Approach. Springer Publishing 1995. pp. 42-44.33 Brown S. Treating Sex Offenders an introduction to sex offender treatment programmes. Willan Publishing. 2005. p. 93.34 Cannon M. Invited commentaries on Cycle of child sexual abuse links between being a victim and becoming a perpetrator. The British Journal of Psychiatry 179 2001 pp. 495-49635 Plat- Jones J. Domestic violence the role of health professionals. Nursing Standard. 21(14-15-16) 2006pp. 44-4836 Kandel Englander, E. Understanding violence. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 2002. p.1137 Cardwell M and Flanagan C Psychology A2. Nelson Thornes. 2003. p. 53.38 Reference.com. James Bulger. http//www.reference.com/browse/wiki/James_Bulger. Accessed 1st February 2007.39 Hill M and Lockyer A. Youth Justice and Child Protection. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. 2006. p.124.40 Greer S. Territorial Politics and Health Policy UK Health Policy in Comparative Perspective. Manchester University Press. 2005. p.59.